核與化學損傷/核損傷相關名詞漢英索引

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核武器與化學武器損傷

核武器與化學武器損傷目錄

目錄

A

α衰變                      alpha decay

氨乙基異硫脲               aminoethylisothiourea,AET

B

β衰變                    beta decay

半胱胺                    mercapto,MEA

半衰期                    half-life time

貝可勒爾                  Becqueral(Bq)

放射性                  specific radioactivity

比例爆高(比高)          scaled height of hurst

C

腸型                      gastro-intestinal type

超壓                      overpressure

衝擊波                    blast wave

衝擊波                    blast injuries

初期                      prodromal phase

傳能線密度            linear energy transfer,LET

D

單鏈斷裂                  single-strand breaks

當量劑量                  equivalent dose

電離                       ionogation

電子對生成                electron pair production

地面爆炸                  land surface burst

地下爆炸                  underground burst

動壓                      dynamic pressure

F

放射複合傷                  radiation combined injuries

放射防護最優化              optimisation of radiological protection

放射實踐正當化              justification of radiological practice

放射性活度                  radioactivity

放射性落下灰               radioactive fallout

放射性沾染                   radioactive contamination

非彈性散射                    inelastic scattering

非整倍體                    aneuploid

分次照射                    fractionated dose

輻射防護劑                  radioprotectant

輻射增敏劑                  radiosensitizer

輻射偵察                    radiation detection

負壓                        underpressure,negative pressure

G

γ衰變                     gamma decay

感生放射性                induced radioactivity

感生放射性核素            induced radionuclide

戈瑞                        gray(Gy)

個人劑量和危險度限制       individual dose and risks limits

骨髓型                     bone marrow type

骨髓移植                   bone marrow transplantation,BMT

胱胺                       cystamine

光衝量                     radiant exposure

光電效應                    photoelectric effect

光輻射                    light radiation

H

核爆炸複合傷          combined injuries from nuclear explosions

核反應                    nuclear reaction

核聚變                    nuclear fusion

核力                      nuclear potential

核裂變                    unclear fission

核衰變                    unclear decay

核素                      nuclide

核武器                    nuclear weapon

核子                      nucleon

恢復期                    recovery phase

火球                      fire ball

J

激發                      excitation

極期                      critical phase

劑量存活曲線              dose-survival curve

集落刺激因子              colony forming stimulator,CFS

急性效應                    acute radiation effect

基質細胞細胞            fibroblast colony forming unit,CFU-F

假愈期                      letent phase

間期死亡                   intermitotic death

間質性肺炎                interstital pneumonitis,IP

K

康普頓效應                Compton effect

空中爆炸                  air burst

L

臨界體積                  critical size

臨界質量                  critical mass

倫禁琴                    Roentgen(R)

M

慢性效應                  chronic radiation effect

蘑菇狀煙雲                mushroom cloud

N

腦型                      central nervous system type

內照射                    internal irradiation

內照射放射損傷       radiation injuries from internal exposure

閾劑量                  quasithreshold dose

年攝入量限值            annual limit of intake,ALI

P

皮膚放射損傷              radiation injuries of skin

結節生成單位            colony forming unit-spleen,CFU-S

平均致死劑量(Do)        mean lethal dose

Q

岐化反應                   dismutation

潛在致死損傷修復          potentially lethal damage repair,PLDR

氫彈                        hydrogen bomb

輕核聚變反應              light nuclear fusion reacton

軀體效應                   somatic effect

權重因子                   weighting factor,WT

確定性效應                deterministic effect

R

染色單體型畸變              chromatid aberration

染色體畸變                  chromosome aberration

熱輻射                    thermal radiation

熱核反應                  thermonuclear reaction

熱核武器                  thermonuclear weapon

人白細胞抗原              human leukocyte antigen,HLA

軔致輻射                  bremssthahlung

S

散射                      excitation

閃光                      flash

閃光盲                    flashblindess

燒沖複合傷                burn-blast combined injuries

剩餘核輻射                residual nuclear radiation

雙鏈斷裂                  double-strand breaks

適應性反應                adaptive response

衰變規律                  law of radioactive decay

瞬時殺傷因素              instantaneous killing factor

隨機性效應                stochastic effect

T

TNT當量                    TNT equivalent

肝移植                   fetal live transplantation,FLT

彈性散射                   elastic scattering

同位素                     isotope

同質異能素                 isomer

W

外推值                    extrapolation number

外照射                    external irradiation

危險度                    risk

X

吸收                      absorption

吸收劑量                  absorbed dose

希沃特                    sievert(Sv)

相對生物效應           relative biological effectiveness,RBE

興奮效應                  hormesis

心血管型                  cardio-vascular type

Y

亞致死損傷修復            sublethal damage repair,SLDR

一次照射                   single dose

遺傳效應                   genetic effect

移植物抗宿主病            graff versus host disease,GVHG

有效半減期              effective half-life

有效劑量                  effective dose,HE

遠期效應                  late effect

元素                       element

原子彈                    atomic bomb

原子核                    nucleus

原子核結合能           binding energy of nucleos

Z

增殖死亡                  reproductive death

早期核輻射                initial nuclear radiation

早期效應                  early effect

照射量                    exposure dose

造血幹細胞                hematopoietic stem cell

造血微環境                hematopoietic microenvironment

造血祖細胞                hematopoietic progenitor cell

自發畸變                   spontaneous aberration

質量虧損                   mass defect

自由基                      free radical

質子                       proton

中子                       neutron

中子彈                    neutron bomb

中子俘獲                   neutron capture

重核裂變鏈式反應        chain reaction of heavy nuclear fission

32 放射事故及其處理原則 | 化學武器概述 32
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